Kees de Jager,  Tuesday, 7 November 2023

 

Overview of Utilities in France

In France, energy supply is an essential aspect of daily life. Houses generally receive 220-volt electricity through ERDF, which has recently been renamed ENEDIS, while the supply and billing are handled by EDF (Electricité de France). Electricity costs depend on the type of connection and the regulated tariff from EDF, with a range of available rates:

• The 'bleu' Basic Rate: This is a standard annual subscription for consistent use throughout the day.
• The 'day/night' Rate: This offers different prices for peak hours during the day and off-peak hours at night.
• The 'tempo' Rate: This rate varies with day/night prices to reduce peak consumption.
• The 'EJP' Rate: A rate for older subscribers that is no longer available.
• The 'social' Rate: Available to customers who qualify through social services.

Natural gas is less common, especially in rural areas, but where main gas lines are available, households can connect. Where no lines are available, LPG tanks are an alternative solution.

As for water supply, many communities in Burgundy have their own spring water systems, which sometimes need to be chlorinated. Water costs can vary significantly and often depend on the size of the community. Regarding sewage and wastewater, there are primarily two scenarios: connection to the public sewer system, where you pay for both incoming and outgoing water, or having your own wastewater treatment system, which the owner is responsible for maintaining.

Telecommunications services in France are extensive, with landline phones widely available and customers able to find competitive subscription plans. Internet connections can range from ADSL to planned nationwide high-speed access by 2020, with satellite internet as a viable option in remote areas. Mobile phone service and TV reception can vary, with some households needing a satellite dish.

When purchasing real estate in France, one inevitably encounters these utilities. The quality of drinking water is generally high, although droughts can lead to rationing. In some regions, such as southern France, residents may rely on water from wells or springs, which may not always be suitable for drinking and may require analysis by local authorities. It is also important to check the ownership rights of water sources when purchasing rural properties, as this can involve legal complexities.

For a water connection, a water meter is required, and a quote must be requested from the local water company. The costs and billing of water vary and are calculated semi-annually or annually, and in dry areas, water can be more expensive. Hot water supply is another important aspect, with many homes using electric boilers.

In apartment complexes, the water bill is divided among the apartments, without taking into account the length of stay of the residents. Several major water companies manage the water supply, with the mayor responsible for the delivery and quality of drinking water. Consumer organizations are pushing for action due to concerns about water pollution.